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Prominent Texts in the Peace Treaty

The form of the Peace Treaty, whose objective elements are religiously and politically importan, is a new proof for the success which Al-Hasan achieved. In the meantime it indicates that he had a high politico- religiuous viewpoint.

In the light of what has been narrated on the autherity of Al-Hasan such as arrangements and laws that were the best of the political acts during his time, it is an act of truthfulness to admit that Al-Hasan had excellent political abilities. If he had been allowed to put his outstanding political abilities into effect, he would have been most brilliant Muslim politician. Moreover, deprivation of the authority and failure in a certain field due to certain conditions are not proofs for showing weakness or criticism. For there are many undoubful and unquestionable proofs that indicate that Al-Hasan had careful consideration, strong arrangements, and high opinions.

Personal abilities play an important role in the practical field even though they are exposed to deprivation and failure. This great man (ie, Al-Hasan) was full of these abilities. Thus he was able to preserve the live of all the community in present and future times. That is because these abilities helped Him, peace be on Him, to make a plan with conditions in an excellent manner to face his opponents.

From the eloquence of the Peace Treaty and its five iterm, you understand that Al-Hasan did not treat his matter at raddom, nor did he deal with it part by part or section by section. Rather he put an idea with coherent parts and regular dimensions. Also you understand that Al-Hasan did his best to find the most practical conditions as precasutionary steps to maintain his legal right to authority and to preserve his position and the position of his brother, and to facilitate the affairs of his family. In the Peace Treaty, Al-Hasan asked Mu'awiya to give security ot his Shi'a (followers) and the Shi'a of his father. Also he asked Him to spend one million dirhams on the orphans who belonged to his Shi'a. With this sum of money, Al-Hasan wanted to reward them for their steadfastness with Him and their loyalty to his father. He wanted to keep them as trustees for his doctrine and as loyal supporters to strenghen his position and the position to his brother on the day when the situation would return to normal. Through the Peace Treaty, Al-Hasan handed authority to Mu'awiya provided that the latter should act according to the Book of Allah, the Snna (practiices) of the prophet, may Allah bless Him and his family, and the Sira (practices) of the Orthodox Caliphs. In this way, Al-Hasan was able to reduce the autority of his enemy. In other words he reduced the violations of his enemy through the foregoing conditions. That is because the violations of Mu'awiya cannot be counted and were sever in punishement. This indicates that Al-Hasan was the most knowldgeable of all people in Mu'awiya and is moral abilities towards these conditions.

Moreover, the Peace Treaty was the document which the two parties (ie, Al-Hasan and Mu'awya) signed to conform to the conditions where in. Accordingly, the Peace Treaty was at most the matter of limited material things which one of the two parties (ie Mu'awiya) wanted to get. In the meantime it wa the matter of limitless spritual things which the second party (ie , Al-Hasan) obtainded.

Through his reconciliation with Al-Hasan, peace be on Him, Mu'awiya did not intend to get anything but to take the reins of government. However, when Al-Hasan hand over authority to Mu"awiya, he intended to safeguard his doctrine from the distortion and his Shi'a from destruction, and to underline that the usurped right (to authority) should be returned on the day when Mu'awiya would die.

It is an act of correctness that we do not understand the meaning of the peace Treaty but through this facet.

To understand clearly the aims of two parties, we have to analyze words on the day when they made peace with each other.

Adopted from the book: "Sulh al-Hasan (a.s.)" by: "Sheykh Radi al-Yasin"

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