Rafed English

Comparative Fatwas on Fasting

Fatwās Of Imam Khomeini (q.)

Fatwās of the Grand Ayatollah Khamenei (d.)

1- Those who do not know or have forgotten and then before 'noon' realize that it is Ramadan should intend and their fast is valid in case they have not done anything which invalidates fasting. In this case their fast is correct. But if they have done an invalidator or remember that it is Ramadan only in the 'afternoon', their fast is invalid. They should refrain from fast invalidators until maghrib and perform its qaḍā’ later.

1- Those who forget to intend — or do not intend due to lack of information — to fast during Ramadan should refrain from invalidators until maghrib adhān when they remember if they have done any invalidator. However, if they have not done an invalidator: a) their fast is invalid in case they remember during the after'noon'; b) they should intend fasting as per obligatory caution, observe fasting of that day and make it up later as well in case they remember before 'noon'.

 

2- Those who are hired to fast on behalf of a deceased person may perform a mustaḥabb fast. Those who owe an obligatory fast whether as qaḍā’ or something else cannot perform a mustaḥabb fast. If they forget and perform one but remember before 'noon', the mustaḥabb fast is voided. However, they can change their intention to an obligatory fast. If they remember in the after'noon', the fast is invalid. If they remember after maghrib, the fast is valid yet not problem-free.

2- Those who owe qaḍā’ of Ramadan fasting cannot perform mustaḥabb fasts. If they forget and perform a mustaḥabb fast then remember during the day, the mustaḥabb fast is void. If they remember before 'noon', they may intend qaḍā’ fast of Ramadan. In this case, their fast is valid.

3- If, in the month of Ramadan, a sick person recovers before 'noon' and until that time he/she has not done anything which invalidates fast, this person must make intention to fast and fast on that day, but if he/she recovers in the afternoon, it is not incumbent upon him/her to fast.

3- If, in the month of Ramadan, a sick person recovers during the day, it is not incumbent upon him/her to make intention and fast that day, but if the time of recovery is before midday and this person has not done anything that invalidates his/her fast until that time, this person should, by mustaḥabb caution, make intention to fast, fast on that day and make up for that day by fasting qaḍā’ after the mouth of Ramadan.

 

4- During a specific obligatory fast, e.g., the fast during the month of Ramadan, if the person who is fasting changes his/her mind, this person’s fast is ruled invalid even if he/she intends fasting again before 'noon'. The same rule applies if one hesitates regarding continuing with fasting. But if he/she makes intention to do something which invalidates his/her fast without translating his/her intention into action, his/her fast is not ruled void.

4- If a person who is fasting during the month of Ramadan breaks his/her intention of fasting during the day and decides not to keep on fasting, his/her fast is ruled void and it is of no use renewing his/her intention, then. But, if a person hesitates, i.e. he/she has not decided to break his/her intention yet, or has decided to do something that invalidates his/her fast but has not done that yet, the soundness of his/her fast becomes questionable in these two cases and this person must, by obligatory caution, complete his/her fast and make it up later on. This ruling is applicable to any other specific obligatory fast, such as nadhr fast to be observed on a specific day and the like.

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