Women Islamic laws

398. Istihadha is usually yellowish and cold and is emitted without gush or irritation and is also not thick. It, is however, possible that at times the dolor of the blood may be red or dark, and it may also be wrm and thick and may be be issued with gush and irritation.

399. There are three kinds of the menstrual irregular discharges viz. slight (Qealeela), medium (Mutawaassita) and excessive (Katheera). Explanation is given blow:

I. Little Blood (Qualeela)

If the blood remains on the surface of the wool or pad etc., (placed by a woman on her private part) but does not penetrate into it, the irregular menstrual discharge is called Qualeela.

II. Medium Blood (Mutawassita)

If the blood penetrates into the cotton (or pad etc) even partially, but does not soak the cloth tied on the outer side, the irregular menstrual charges is called Mutawassita.

III. Excessive Blood (Katheera)

If the blood penetrates through the cotton, soaking it and the cloth (etc.) around it, the irregular menstrual discharges is called Katheera.

Rules of Istihadha (irregular menstrual discharges)

400. In the case of little irregular menstruated a woman should perform separate Ablution for every prayer and should, as a recommended precaustoin, wash or change the pad. And if some blood is found on the outer part of their private parts she should purify it with water.

401. In case of Mutawassita, it is an obligatory precauston for a woman to make one bath everyday for her daily prayers, and she should act accordingly to the rules of little irregular menstrual discharges as explained in the foregoing rule. If the state of the irregular menstrual discharges began before or just at the time of dawn prayers, she should perform bath before offerring dawn prayers. If she does not perform bath intentionally or forgetfully, she should perform bath before midday and afternoon prayers. And if she misses even that, then she should perform bath before praying the sunset and evening perayers. This she would do regardless of whether bleeding continues or stops.

402. In the case of excessive bleeding, woman should change, as an obligatory precaution, the cotton or pad tied to her private part, or she should make it pure with water. It is also necessary that are should perform one bath for dawn prayers, one for midday and Afternoon prayers and once again for sunset and evening prayers. She shoul offer Afternoon prayers immediately after midday prayers and if she allowed any lapse of time between them, she should perform bath again for the Afternoon prayers. Similarly if she keeps any time gap between the senset and evening prayers, she should perform bath do again for eventing prayers.

All these rules apply when bleeding is so excessive that it continous soiling the pad etc. But if it takes longer to soil the cotton or pad, and woman has enough time to pray one or more prayer in between then, as per obligatory precaution, she would changes the pad or wash it to perform the purify and then apply the bath only when the cloth covering the pad or cotton is fully soaked.
For example, if a woman praying the prayer of midday finds out that the cloth is fully soaked again before the pryaers of Afternoon, she would perform the bath for the Afternoon prayers. And if she finds that the flow of blood is slow enough to allow two or more prayers to be offered before the cotton or cloth is totally soiled with blood, there will be no need for bath before the ensuing prayer. For example, if she finds that there is enough time to offer even the sunset and evening prayers, before the cloth is fully soaked, she would pray the senset and evening prayers without bath.
In every case, the bath in excessive irregular menstrual discharges does not require Ablution after it.

403. If the blood of irregular menstrual discharges in seen before the time for prayers has set in, and the woman has not performed Ablution or bath for that bleeding, she should perform Ablution or bath the time of prayers, even though she may not be (irregular menstruated) at that time.

404. A woman whose the irregular menstrual discharges if medium should first perform bath and then Ablution, as per obligaroty precaution. But if a woman with the excessive irregular menstrual discharges wishes to perform Ablution, she should do so before the bath.

405. When a woman who had little irregular menstrual discharges finds out after dawn prayers that her irregular menstrual discharges has developed into medium one, she will have to perform bath for midday, afternoon prayers. And if that change occurs after midday, afternoon prayers, then she will perform a bath for sunset and evening prayers.

406. If a woman finds out after dawn prayers that her little or medium irregular menstrual discharges had developed into an excessive one, and remained on that state, then she should follow the direction given in rule no. 402 in respect of midday, afternoon, sunset and evening prayers.

407. As explained in rule 402, a woman in excessive irregular menstrual discharges must ensure that there is not time gap between the bath and prayers. Therefore, if such a gap occurs because of performing earlier, then that bath will be void, and the woman will have to peform bath again. This rule applies to those also who are in medium irregualar menstrual discharges.

408. Apart from the rules pertaining to the daily prayers, which have been explained earlier, a woman in little and medium irregular menstrual discharges must perform ablution for all other prayer, obligatory or Recommendable. But if she desires to repeat, as a precautionary measure the daily prayers, which she has already offered or if she wishes to offer once again with congregation the prayers which she had offered individually, she should perform all the acts which have been mentioned with regard to the irregular menstrual discharges. In the case of prayer of precaution "forgotten prostration", "forgottn tashahud" are performed immediately after the prayers it is not necessary for her to follow the rules of the irregular menstrual discharges. Similarly, no rules of the irregular menstrual discharges will apply for performing the prostration of inadvertence at any time.

409. After the bleeding to the irregular menstruated woman has stopped, she should follow the rules of the irregular menstrual discharges only for the first subsequent prayers, which she may offer. For further prayers that follow, the rules of the irregular menstrual discharges whould not be necessary.

410. If a woman does not know what kind of the irregular menstrual discharges she has, she should insert into herself some kind of the irregular menstrual discharges, it is she would follow the rules prescribed. And, if she is sure that the type of the irregular menstral discharges will not change by the time she stands for her prayers she may carry out the test before the time for prayers sets in.

411. If an irregular menstruated woman starts her prayers without making any investigation, but her intention is to obey the orders of Allah and act according to her duty then her prayers are valid. For example, if her irregular menstrual dischargeds was little, and she acted according to its rule, her prayers will be correct and valid. But if she did not have the intention of obeying Allah or following the rules her prayers would be invalid. For example, she followed the rules of the little irregular menstrual discharges while she was actually in the medium one, her prayers would be invalid.

412. If an irregular menstruated woman cannot descern about her irregular menstrual discharges she should act according to the minimum certitude. For example, if she does not know whether her irregualar menstrual discharges, is little or medium she should follow the rules, which are prescribed for little irregular menstrual discharges. And if she does not know whether her irregular menstrual discharge is medium or excessive she should perform the rules prescribed for the medium irregular menstrual discharges. But, if she konws which of the three kinds of irregular menstrual discharges she has had previously, then she should act according to rules for that kind of irregular menstrual discharges.

413. If at the time of its initial appearance the blood of menstrual irregular discharges remains within the interior of the body and does not come out, it does not nullify the Ablution and bath are already performed by the woman. And if it icomes out, it nullifies the Ablution and bath even if its quantity is very small.

414. If an irregular menstruated woman examines herself at the following performing the prayer and finds no blood, she can perform other prayers with the same Ablution, even if she knows that the blood would reappear.

415. If an irregular menstrualted woman knows that since the time she has engaged herself with Ablution or bath blood has not come out of her body, she can defer offering prayers for as long as she knows she will remain in that pure state.

416. If an irregular menstruated woman knows that before the time for prayers comes to an end, she will become totally purified, or if she knows that at certain time, bleeding would stop for the time required for offering prayers she should wait and offer prayer when she is pure.

417. If an irregular menstruated woman, after having performed the Ablution and bath, finds that the bleeding has ceased, and she feels that if she delays the prayers she will become fully pure, within the time required for the Ablution, bath and prayer, she should delay the prayers, and offer them after performing fresh Ablution and bath when she has become fully pure. But if time for prayers is limited, it will not be necessary for her to perform the Ablution and bath. She should offer prayers with the Ablution and bath, which she already has.

418. When an irregular menstruated woman whose bleeding has been excessive becomes fully pure, she should perfom bath. However, if she knows that no blood was sen after having bath for the previous prayers, it is not necessary for her to perform bath again. As for the medium irregular menstual discharges, it is not necessary to perform the bath after bleeding has stopped.

419. An irregular menstrual discharges women, with little, medium or ecxessived bleeding, should commence their prayers immediately after having acted according to their respective rules, except in the situation described in rules 403 and 415. But to recite Athan calling for prayers_and Iqama the permission for entering into prayers_ before prayers or performing the Recommendable acts like Qunut personal supplication... etc, will have no objection.

420. If an irrgular menstruated woman who is required to allow no time gap between the Ablution or bath and her prayers, does not act accordingly, she would perform the ablution or the bath again and then pray without any delay.

421. If the blood of the irregular menstruated discharges has a swift flow and does not stop, and if stoppage of the blood is not harmful to her, she should try to prevent the blood from coming out after the bath. And if she ignore doing so, and the blood comes out she should offer prayers all over again if she had already prayed. MOreover, it is a recommended precaution that she repeats the bath.

422. If the blood does not stop at the time of the bath is in order. But, if during the bath, the medium rregular menstrual discharges becomes excessive it will be necessary for her to start the ritual ablution all over again.

423. For irregular menstruated woman who is fasting, it is a recommend precaution that she prevents the blood from issuing out of the body, throughout the day, as far as possible.

424. It is widely held that the fast of a woman whose irregular menstrual discharges is excessive will be valid only if in the night preceding the day on which she intends to fast she does bath for the prayers of Sun-set and evening, and also does bath during daytime which are obligatory for the daily prayers. But most likely, the validity of her fasting does not depend on the bath. Similarly; the validity of a woman fasting during medium menstrual irregular discharges does not depend on the bath.

425. If a woman becomes irregular menstruated after Afternoon prayers and does not perform bath till sin-set her fast will undoubtedly be in order.

426. If a woman in little menstrual irregular discharges finds out before starting the prayers that her bleeding has become excessive or medium, she should perform the rules prescribed for the medium or excessive mentstrual irregualr discharges as mentioned above. And if the medium menstrual irregular discharge becomes exessive she should follow the rules prescribed for the excessive mentrual irregular discharge. And in case she has done for medium msntrual irrgular discharge it would not suffice, and she should perform bath again for excessive menstrual irregular discharges.

427. If the medium menstrual irregular discharge becomes excessive while she is already in prayer, she should break the prayers and perform bath for the excessive menstrual irregular discharges and also perform other relevant acts and repeat the same prayers. And on the basis of recommended precaution she should perform Ablution before the bath. And if she does not have time for bath it is necessary that she should perform dry ablution instead of bath. And if she finds that no time is left even for dry Ablution then she should, on the basis of precaution, not break the prayers and comeplete the same in that very condition. It will be necessary for her to offer Quadha' later. Similar rules will apply if during the prayer he little menstrual irregular discharge becomes medium or excessive, she will have to discontinue her prayers and follow the rules of medium or excessive menstrual irregular discharges, and whichever is applicable.

428. If the blood stops during the prayer and the irregular menstruated woman does not know whether or not it has also stopped internally, and if after her prayers she understands that bleeding had totally stopped, and she has sufficient time at her disposal to offer prayers again in a state of purity, it will be an obligatory precaution for her to act according to hte rules applicable to her and pray again.

429. If the excessive menstrual irregular discharges reduces to the medium menstrual irregular discharges, the irregular menstruated woman should perform the rules prescribed for the excessive menstrual irregular discharges for the first prayers and then medium menstrual irregular discharges for the later prayers. For example, if an excessive menstrual irregular discharges becomes medium before midday preyaers she should perform Ablution and bath for midday prayers; and for the Afternoon, sunset and evening prayers she should perform only Ablution. However, if she does not perform bath for midday prayers and has time for Afternoon prayers only she should perform bath for Afternoon prayers. And if she does not not perform bath even Afternoon prayers she should perform bath for the sunset prayers. And if she does not perform bath for the prayers as well and has just enough time for the evening prayers only, she should perform bath for the evening prayers.

430. The excessive menstrual irregular discharges stops before every prayer and starts coming again she should perform bath before each prayer.

431. If the excessive menstrual irregular discharge reduces to little, the irregular menstruaed woman should follow for the first prayers the rules prescribed for the excessive menstrual irregular discharges; and for the later prayers the rules prescribed for the little menstrual irregular discharges. Similarly, if the medium menstrual irregular discharges becomes little she should follow rules prescribed for the medium menstrual irregular discharges for the first prayer and those prescribed for the little menstrual irregular discharges for the later prayers.

432. If an irregular menstruated woman neglects anyone of the obligatory rules, her prayers will be void.

433. If a woman who is in little or medium menstrual menstrual irregular discharges wishes to engage in an act which requires Ablution as a prerequisite, like touching the ascript of the Qur'an., she should perform the Ablution for the purpose. The Ablution made specifically for the prayer would not be sufficient if she wishes to touch after the prayers is over.

434. An irregular menstruated woman who has done her obligatory bath can go to the Mosque, pause for some time in it, and recite the verses of the Qur'an, which contain obligatory Prostration. It is also lawful for her husband to have sexual interourse with her, though she may not have performed all the acts, which are required before the prayers (e.g. changing the cotton and the pad). And it is not unlikely that these acts may be permissible even without the bath, but precaution is in avoiding them.

435. If a woman who is in a state of excessive or medium menstrual irregular discharges wishes to recite, before the time of prayers, a verse of the Qur'an, which contains an obligatory prostration or the a Mosque, she should, on the basis of recommend precaution, perform bath. And the same rule applies if her husband wishes to have sexual intercourse with her.

436. Prayer of natural Phenonmenon (due to the sola or lunar eclipse etc.) is obligatory for an irregular menstruated woman and she should follow all the rules, which have been explained in, with the daily prayers.

437. When prayer of natural event becomes obligatory for an irregular menstruted woman at he time of daily prayers and she wishes to offer these two prayers one after the other she cannot, as per obligatory precaution, offer both of them with one Ablution and one bath.

438. If an irregular menstruated woman wishes to offer Quadha' prayers she should follow the same rules as are applicable to the prayers offered within time. And as precaution, she will not consider the acts performed for prayers within time as sufficient for Quadha' prayers.

439. If a woman knows that the blood coming out of her body is not of a wound and cannot decide on it being the blood of menstruation or abortion because of the absence of the propertiess defined by the Islamic laws, she should act according to the rules in respect of menstrual irregular discharges. And if she doubts whether it is a menstrual irregular discharges or some other blood and it does not possess other signs she should, on the basis of obligatory precaution, follow the rules of menstrual irregular discharges.