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The term FAQIH as elucidated by Islamic Scholars

In the Quran and Hadith, Fiqh denotes profound understanding and knowledge of Islamic fundamentals and laws, and is not confined to any particular branch of religious sciences. But with the passage of time, the word become synonymous with the knowledge of Islamic laws and jurisprudence.

The Ulema have divided Islamic teachings into three groups:

Principles of Faith

These are the fundamentals which are related to one's faith, like the belief of God, the resurrection and the Day of Judgement, the Prophethood, the divine revelation, the Angels, the Imamat.

Moral behaviour and ethics

These are aimed at improving human behaviour) and cultivating spiritual aspects of our existence. They deal with TAQWA, Justice, Generosity, Bravery, Patience, Submission to the Will of Allah, and so on.

Practical laws

These deal with the rules and regulations laid down for certain acts, and also provide guidelines for the way these acts be performed.

The Fuqaha of Islam have restricted the use of the word FIQH to the third category, perhaps because it has been a matter of popular concern, and that the believer sought such guidance more often. This is why men of proficiency in this branch of Islamic knowledge only came to be known as 'FUQAHA'.

Adapted from the book: "Fiqh and Fuqaha"

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